Rash on the body is a symptom that occurs in both adults and children. It can occur with various diseases, often accompanied by itching and other unpleasant symptoms. Many patients, without finding out the cause of the rash on the body, begin to treat it with folk remedies, which only worsen the situation. It is important to consult a doctor promptly and begin competent treatment to avoid serious consequences.
Causes of a rash on the body
Skin rash can occur due to such reasons:
- disorders of the digestive system – anemia, liver and kidney diseases, celiac disease provoke the accumulation of substances in the body that cause an immune system reaction;
- allergies to certain drugs – antifungal medicines, antibiotics, pain medicines, and chemotherapy drugs can cause skin rashes;
- lymphoma and leukemia – often provoke the appearance of small red spots on the skin;
- disruption of the thyroid gland – when an excessive amount of hormones is produced in a person, lumpy rashes may appear throughout the body;
- vitiligo – a skin disease characterized by the formation of symmetrical light spots with peeling;
- use of cosmetics – soaps, shampoos, powders, and perfumes can cause an allergic reaction;
- plants and insect bites – some people suffer from allergies to plant pollen, and a red rash on the body may appear after a mosquito bite and other insects;
- psoriasis is a non-infectious chronic skin disease, accompanied by white and red spots with peeling;
- eczema is a pathology characterized by red spots and cracks on the skin, burning, and itching, and the appearance of edema, abscesses, and acne;
- rubella is a viral disease that occurs when viruses from the togavirus group enter the body;
lichen – an infectious skin lesion that causes inflammation of the skin, papules, itching, and peeling; - dermatitis – a skin disease characterized by skin lesions of varying degrees, redness, itching, and burning;
- syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that affects the skin, mucous membranes, bones, and internal organs.
Diagnostic methods
If vitiligo is suspected, the doctor conducts a complete examination and prescribes a comprehensive examination. It includes a blood test for Wassermann’s reaction, and a test for fungus, and smears from spots. If there are difficulties in determining the diagnosis, consultations with an endocrinologist and a neurologist may be required to check the state of the endocrine and nervous systems.
A complete blood count will help identify rubella. Doctors also use enzyme immunoassay, which shows antibodies to rubella.
To detect dermatitis, an immunogram, a general blood test, bacteriological and histological examination of skin scrapings, and allergic tests are performed.
Which doctor to contact
If you notice rashes on the body, make an appointment with a dermatologist, and if the rash is localized on the genitals, see a venereologist. The doctor will select an effective treatment and, if necessary, involve an allergist, endocrinologist, or gastroenterologist in therapy.
Body rash treatment
If a patient is diagnosed with lichen, then he is prescribed antihistamines and immunostimulants. He also needs to limit the intake of nuts, red fruits, marinades, and smoked meats. With herpes zoster, antiviral agents are used, with pityriasis – antifungal agents and systemic drugs.
With dermatitis, the skin should be treated with an antiseptic, and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs should be used.
The course of treatment for vitiligo includes phototherapy, in which the doctor acts on the affected areas of the skin with ultraviolet light. In parallel, hormonal drugs, photosensitizers, and immunosuppressants can be prescribed.
Eczema should be treated with antihistamines and sedatives. Plasmapheresis, local and internal vitamin therapy positively affects the patient’s body. With an exacerbation of the disease, internal
administration of glucocorticosteroids is indicated. Locally it is allowed to use retinol ointments, and make applications with pastes and ointments that have antipruritic and antiseptic effects. During treatment, the affected areas should be protected from exposure to sunlight, wind, and frost. Also useful for eczema are physiotherapy procedures – laser treatment, magnetotherapy, and ozone therapy. When the acute phase of the disease is stopped, therapeutic mud and baths, seaweed wrapping, and acupuncture are indicated.
If the child has rubella, then the infectious disease doctor prescribes antihistamines to eliminate the rash and itching. For the treatment of dry cough, runny nose, and enlarged lymph nodes, you will need to take anti-inflammatory drugs.
Effects
If the dermatitis is not cured, the patient may experience hyperpigmentation, skin dyschromia, lichenification, atrophy, and scarring. With improper treatment, the addition of a secondary infection is not excluded.
If left untreated, psoriasis becomes severe and often causes comorbidities. These patients have an increased risk of developing hypertension, ischemia, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. They are prone to depression due to the presence of numerous lesions on the skin, and experience discomfort in communicating with people. Sometimes the effects of psoriasis lead to disability.
Shingles can cause serious complications:
- skin infections;
- meningitis;
- hearing loss;
- violation of visual function;
- myocarditis;
- neuralgic abnormalities.
- With allergic urticaria, undesirable consequences include Quincke’s edema and swelling of the upper respiratory tract, which is life-threatening.
Prevention of rashes on the body
To prevent skin rashes, it is recommended to follow many rules:
- diversify the diet with fruits and vegetables;
- normalize the regime of work and rest;
- stop drinking alcohol and smoking;
- take vitamin preparations;
- give preference to clothes made from natural materials;
- avoid contact with chemicals that cause allergies;
- pay attention to the hardening of the body.
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